What is Type 2 diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes develops when the insulin-producing cells in the body are unable to produce enough insulin, or when the insulin that is produced does not work properly (known as insulin resistance).

We need insulin to live. It is vital in the process of getting energy from the food we eat into cells for the normal processes we need to walk, run, sleep and grow. 

When carbohydrate from food is digested, it is broken down into glucose in the gut. This glucose goes into the bloodstream, but needs to get into cells to be used as energy and stored for future use. 

Insulin is the 'messenger' that allows glucose to get into the cells. The pancreas automatically releases insulin when we eat to allow the glucose to enter the cells, and to make sure that the right amount of glucose is left in the blood.

In Type 2 diabetes, the body doesn't make enough insulin, or the insulin it makes doesn't work properly, meaning glucose builds up in the blood.

Type 2 diabetes is usually caused by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Type 2 diabetes is treated with a healthy diet and increased physical activity. In addition to this, medication and/or insulin are often required.

For most people losing weight is one of the most important things you can do to manage Type 2 diabetes.  Following a healthy, balanced diet will help to control blood glucose, blood fats and blood pressure, as well as helping to maintain a healthy weight. This can help to reduce your risk of complications. You can talk to your team for support in managing your weight and diet.

Three important steps in managing Type 2 diabetes are eating healthy, losing weight (if you are overweight) and exercising regularly.

You can find out more information here  or check out the 'Diet' tab on this site.