Tests

The diagnosis of dysplastic Barrett's oesophagus can only be made with a combination of an upper GI endoscopy and samples of cells taken at the time of the endoscopy, called biopsies.

Upper GI endoscopy

This is a common procedure involving the insertion of a thin tube with a camera on the end through the mouth into the oesophagus, stomach and first part of the small bowel called the duodenum. This test is important to look for a range of problems such as acid damage or an ulcer. It is a very routine procedure, but as with any test there are benefits and risks, even though the risks are very low. More information on this procedure, its benefits and risks are available here.

Barrett's oesophagus has a particular appearance on upper GI endoscopy. If the person performing the endoscopy thinks the appearances suggest Barrett's oesophagus, they will take small samples of tissue (called biopsies) which will then be sent to the laboratory to be looked at under a microscope in the next 2-4 weeks. This will then confirm whether or not Barrett's oesophagus is present.

If these biopsies show changes of dysplasia, then these results will be examined by another specialist in tissue analysis to check the result. If appropriate for the individual patient, the results will then be referred to a team like ours who are able to provide treatments to remove the dysplastic cells from the oesophagus, to reduce the risk of developing cancer.